SS-31 (elamipretide) is a research peptide studied in vitro for its association with the inner mitochondrial membrane, where it interacts with the phospholipid cardiolipin. This profile describes the target and the assays used.
What is SS-31?
SS-31 is a synthetic peptide used as a reference compound in mitochondrial research. It is described here only by structure and molecular target, as a laboratory material.
The inner membrane and cardiolipin
The inner mitochondrial membrane is rich in cardiolipin, a distinctive phospholipid important for the organization of the electron transport chain. SS-31 is studied for its association with this membrane and with cardiolipin. By contrast, the mitochondrial-derived peptide MOTS-c is studied for signaling readouts; the two are compared in MOTS-c vs SS-31: two mitochondria-directed peptides.
How it is characterized in vitro
Researchers use imaging to confirm mitochondrial localization and functional assays (membrane potential, oxygen consumption) to measure effects on mitochondrial activity in cell models.
Why the inner membrane matters
Because the inner membrane hosts the energy-converting machinery, a compound that localizes there is a useful tool for probing that compartment in vitro.
Related research guides
- Mitochondria-targeting compounds (overview)
- MOTS-c: mitochondrial-derived peptide
- Measuring mitochondrial function
- SS-31 researcher guide
- SS31 peptides, SS-31 and elamipretide: naming and identity
Research-use note
SS-31 is supplied as a research material for in vitro research use only. It is not for human or animal use.
Related research: SS-31.
